A new US study has found that the effects of sleep disorders extend beyond daytime fatigue, leading to changes in brain regions responsible for attention, decision-making, and emotional regulation.
The study, conducted by researchers at Florida International University, analysed data from 57 previous studies that used brain imaging techniques. Researchers compared individuals with different types of sleep disorders and found consistent associations between disrupted sleep and structural changes in key brain regions, including the posterior cingulate cortex and the thalamus, which play important roles in behaviour, emotional regulation, information processing, and concentration.
The researchers suggested that these brain changes may help explain common symptoms experienced by people with sleep disorders, including mood swings, reduced emotional control, and impaired attention. They added that these effects may also increase the risk of accidents and injuries, particularly among older adults who experience fragmented sleep.
Dr Matthew Sutherland, a cognitive neuroscientist at Florida International University and the study’s lead researcher, said the findings provide a broader understanding of how sleep disorders affect both the structure and function of the brain. He noted that the research could support the development of more precise therapeutic interventions and personalised care for patients.
Experts added that the findings may also contribute to the development of improved diagnostic tools and targeted treatments for various sleep disorders, helping preserve brain functions associated with attention, decision-making, and emotional wellbeing.
